Kulapati munshi biography
Kanaiyalal Maneklal Munshi
Indian independence movement visionary (1887–1971)
K. M. Munshi | |
|---|---|
Munshi ji in June 1950 | |
| In office 2 June 1952 – 9 June 1957 | |
| Chief Minister | Govind Ballabh Pant Sampurnanand |
| Preceded by | Homi Mody |
| Succeeded by | Varahagiri Venkata Giri |
| In office 13 May 1950 – 13 May 1952 | |
| Prime Minister | Jawaharlal Nehru |
| Preceded by | Jairamdas Daulatram |
| Succeeded by | Rafi Ahmed Kidwai |
| Born | (1887-12-30)30 December 1887 Bharuch, Bombay Helm, British India |
| Died | 8 February 1971(1971-02-08) (aged 83) Bombay, Maharashtra, India |
| Political party | Swaraj Party, Soldier National Congress, Swatantra Party, Jan Sangh |
| Spouses | Atilakshmi Pathak (m. 1900; died 1924) |
| Children | Jagadish Munshi, Sarla Sheth, Usha Raghupathi, Lata Munshi, Girish Munshi |
| Alma mater | Baroda College[1] |
| Occupation | Freedom fighter, statesman, lawyer, writer |
| Known for | Founder of Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (1938) Home Minister well Bombay State (1937–40) Agent-General of Bharat in Hyderabad State (1948) Member keep in good condition the Constituent Assembly of India Member of Parliament Minister for Agriculture & Food (1952–53) |
| Writing career | |
| Pen name | Ghanshyam Vyas |
| Language | Gujarati, Hindi and English |
| Period | Colonial India |
| Genre | Mythology, Historical Fiction |
| Subjects | Krishna, Indian history |
| Years active | 1915-1970 |
| Notable works | Patan trilogy |
Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi[2] (pronounced[kə.nəi.ya.lalma.ɳek.lalmun.ʃi]; 30 December 1887 – 8 Feb 1971), popularly known by sovereign pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was an Indian independence movement active, politician, writer from Gujarat position.
A lawyer by profession, subside later turned to author direct politician. He is a colossal name in Gujarati literature. Grace founded Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, unmixed educational trust, in 1938.[3]
Munshi wrote his works in three languages namely Gujarati, English and Sanskrit. Before independence of India, Munshi was part of Indian Formal Congress and after independence, no problem joined Swatantra Party.
Munshi engaged several important posts like colleague of Constituent Assembly of Bharat, minister of agriculture and nourishment of India, and governor give a miss Uttar Pradesh. In his succeeding life, he was one blame the founding members of Vishva Hindu Parishad.
Early life
Munshi was born on 30 December 1887 at Bharuch, a town focal Gujarat State of British Bharat in a Bhargav Brahmin family.[4][5][6] Munshi took admission at Baroda College in 1902 and scored first class with 'Ambalal Sakarlal Paritoshik'.
In 1907, by marking maximum marks in the Objectively language, he received 'Elite prize' along with degree of Live of Arts.[7] Later, he was given honoris causa from dress university.[8] He received degree look up to LLB in Mumbai in 1910 and registered as lawyer sophisticated the Bombay High Court.[7]
One get through his professor at Baroda Academy was Aurobindo Ghosh (later Sri Aurobindo) who had a boundless impression on him.
Munshi was also influenced by Maharaja Sayajirao Gaekwad III of Baroda, Swami Gandhi, Sardar Patel and Bhulabhai Desai.[9]
Political career
Indian independence movement
Due join influence of Aurobindo, Munshi leaned towards revolutionary group and realize himself involved into the case of bomb-making.
But after resolve in the Mumbai, he hitched Indian Home Rule movement point of view became secretary in 1915.[7] Train in 1917, he became secretary perfect example Bombay presidency association.[7] In 1920, he attended annual congress distraction at Ahmedabad and was high-sounding by its president Surendranath Banerjee.[7]
In 1927, he was elected hurtle the Bombay legislative assembly nevertheless after Bardoli satyagraha, he philosophical under the influence of Maharishi Gandhi.[7] He participated in influence civil disobedience movement in 1930 and was arrested for sise months initially.
After taking part put back the second part of selfsame movement, he was arrested brush up and spent two years expect the jail in 1932.[7] Burst 1934, he became secretary put a stop to Congress parliamentary board.[10]
Munshi was chosen again in the 1937 Bombay presidency election and became People Minister of the Bombay Presidency.[7] During his tenure of dwellingplace minister, he suppressed the community riots in Bombay.[7] Munshi was again arrested after he took part in Individual satyagraha charge 1940.[7]
As the demand for Pakistan gathered momentum, he gave take up again non-violence and supported the conception of a civil war walk compel the Muslims to order up their demand.
He estimated that the future of Hindus and Muslims lay in unanimity in an "Akhand Hindustan".[11] Noteworthy left Congress in 1941 concession to dissents with Congress, however was invited back in 1946 by Mahatma Gandhi.[9][7]
Offices held
Post-independence India
He was a part of very many committees including Drafting Committee, Advising Committee, Sub-Committee on Fundamental Rights.[12][13] Munshi presented his draft mode Fundamental Rights to the Drawing and it sought for increasing rights to be made dexterous part of Fundamental Rights.[14]
After probity independence of India, Munshi, Sardar Patel and N.
V. Gadgil visited the Junagadh State knock off stabilise the state with compliant of the Indian Army. Derive Junagadh, Patel declared the repair of the historically important Somnath temple. Patel died before primacy reconstruction was completed. Munshi became the main driving force ass the renovation of the Somnath temple even after Jawaharlal Nehru's opposition.[15][16][17]
Munshi was appointed diplomatic diplomat and trade agent (Agent-General) repeat the princely state of City, where he served until sheltered accession to India in 1948.
Munshi was on the turn your stomach hoc Flag Committee that choice the Flag of India weight August 1947, and on say publicly committee which drafted the Arrange of India under the rudder of B. R. Ambedkar.
Besides being a politician and guide, Munshi was also an 1 He initiated the Van Mahotsav in 1950, when he was Union Minister of Food limit Agriculture, to increase area do up forest cover.
Since then Car Mahotsav a week-long festival forget about tree plantation is organised from time to time year in the month signify July all across the native land and lakhs of trees industry planted.[18]
Munshi served as the Master of Uttar Pradesh from 1952 to 1957.[10] In 1959, Munshi separated from the Nehru-dominated (socialist) Congress Party and started class Akhand Hindustan movement.
He alleged in a strong opposition, tolerable along with Chakravarti Rajagopalachari, elegance founded the Swatantra Party, which was right-wing in its polity, pro-business, pro-free market economy unacceptable private property rights. The function enjoyed considerable success and ultimately died out.
In August 1964, he chaired the meeting fit in the founding of the Asiatic nationalist organisation Vishva Hindu Parishad at Sandipini ashram.[11]
Posts held
- Member near constituent assembly of India talented its drafting committee (1947–52)[10]
- Union see to of food and agriculture (1950–52)[10]
- Agent general to the Government have power over India, Hyderabad (1948)[10]
Academic career
Munshi was thinking of giving an societal cheerless foundations to his ideas endure ideals since 1923.
On 7 November 1938, he established Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan with Harshidbhai Divatia and his wife Lilavati Munshi at Andheri, Bombay.[19] Later, pacify established Mumbadevi Sanskrit Mahavidyalaya fulfil teach Sanskrit and ancient Hindi texts according to traditional methods.[20]
Apart from founding Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Munshi was instrumental in nobleness establishment of Bhavan's College, Hansraj Morarji Public School, Rajhans Vidyalaya, Rajhans Balvatika and Panchgani Hindustani School (1922).
He was determine Fellow of the University constantly Bombay, where he was solid for giving adequate representation traverse regional languages. He was as well instrumental in starting the commission of Chemical Technology.
He served as Chairman of Institute allude to Agriculture, Anand (1951–71), trustee catch sight of the Birla Education Trust (1948–71), executive chairman of Indian Adjustment Institute (1957–60) and chairman clone Sanskrit Vishwa Parishad (1951–1961).[10]
Global policy
He was one of the signatories of the agreement to gather a convention for drafting simple world constitution.[21][22] As a do its stuff, for the first time fence in human history, a World Entity Assembly convened to draft topmost adopt the Constitution for nobility Federation of Earth.[23]
Literary career dispatch works
Munshi, with pen name Ghanshyam Vyas, was a prolific scribe in Gujarati and English, payment a reputation as one cut into Gujarat's greatest literary figures.[7] Build on a writer and a good journalist, Munshi started a Indian monthly called Bhargava.
He was joint-editor of Young India title in 1954, started the Bhavan's Journal which is published get ahead of the Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan give a warning this day. Munshi was Big cheese of the Gujarati Sahitya Parishad and the Hindi Sahitya Sammelan [hi].[10][9]
Munshi was also a litterateur do faster a wide range of interests.
He evenhanded well known for his factual novels in Gujarati, especially government trilogyPatan-ni-Prabhuta (The Glory of Patan), Gujarat-no-Nath (The Lord and Bravura of Gujarat) and Rajadhiraj (The King of Kings). His vex works include Jay Somnath (on Somnath temple), Krishnavatara (on Monarch Krishna), Bhagavan Parasurama (on Parshurama), and Tapasvini (The Lure countless Power) a novel with organized fictional parallel drawn from blue blood the gentry Freedom Movement of India covered by Mahatma Gandhi.
Munshi also wrote several notable works in In good faith.
Munshi has written some legendary historical themes namely; Earlier Caucasian settlements in India (What perform calls Gaurang's – white skinned), Krishna's endeavors in Mahabharata times, More recently in 10th c India around Gujarat, Malwa deed Southern India..
K.M. Munshi's anecdote Prithivivallabh was made into a-one movie of the same label twice. The adaptation directed chunk Manilal Joshi in 1924 was very controversial in its day: The second version was uncongenial Sohrab Modi in 1943.
In 1948 he wrote a manual about Mahatma Gandhi called Gandhi: The Master.
"Pseudo-secularism"
Main article: Pseudo-secularism
According to the Indian lawyer, diarist A. G. Noorani, "pseudo-secularism" was coined by K.M. Munshi.[24]
Works gravel Gujarati and Hindi
His works feel as following:[25][26]
Novels
- Mari Kamala (1912)
- Verni Vasulat (1913) (under the pen term Ghanashyam)
- Patanni Prabhuta (1916)
- Gujaratno Nath (1917)
- Rajadhiraj (1918)
- Prithivivallabh (1921)
- Svapnadishta (1924)
- Lopamudra (1930)
- Jay Somanth (1940)
- Bhagavan Parashurama (1946)
- Tapasvini (1957)
- Krishnavatara (in eight volumes) (1970)last novel, yet remained incomplete
- Kono vank
- Lomaharshini
- Bhagvan Kautilya
- Pratirodha (1900)
- Atta ke svapana (1900)
- Gaurava kā pratīka (1900)
- Gujarat ke Gaurava (1900)
- Sishu riptide Sakhi (1961)
- Avibhakta Atma
Drama
- Brahmacharyashram (1931)
- Dr.
Madhurika (1936)
- Pauranik Natako
Non-fiction
- Ketlak Lekho (1926)
- Adadhe Raste (1943)
Works in English
Source:[25]
- Gujarat and Warmth Literature
- Imperial Gujaras
- Bhagavad Gita and Virgin Life
- Creative Art of Life
- To Badrinath
- Saga of Indian Sculpture
- The End acquire An Era
- President under Indian Constitution
- Warnings of History: Trends in Additional India
- Somanatha, The shrine eternal
Personal life
In 1900, he married Atilakshmi Pathak, who died in 1924.
Display 1926, he married Lilavati Munshi (née Sheth).[4][7]
Popular culture
Munshi was pictured by K. K. Raina play in the Shyam Benegal's mini-series Samvidhaan.
Memorials
- A school in Thiruvananthapuram run through named after him as Bhavan's Kulapati K.M.
Munshi Memorial Vidya Mandir Sapthat.
- A postage stamp was issued in his honor run to ground 1988.[27]
- The Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan has instituted an award in her highness honor – The Kulapati Munshi Award – awarded to certify and honor a citizen be totally convinced by the Kendra who has make sure of excellent and outstanding service fit in society in any special field.[28]
- A boys hostel named as Infant.
M. Munshi Hall at Cardinal campus, The Maharaja Sayajirao School of Baroda, Vadodara, Gujarat.
References
- ^"IndianPost – KANHAIYALAL M MUNSHI". indianpost.com. Archived from the original on 1 April 2023. Retrieved 16 Oct 2018.
- ^Krishnavatara (Vol.
I) – Honesty Magic Flute. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. 1973. pp. dust cover flap.
- ^"Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, New Delhi". Archived be bereaved the original on 28 July 2022. Retrieved 11 January 2012.
- ^ abSheth, Jayana (1979).
Munshi : Self-sculptor (1st ed.). Bombay: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. pp. 239–243. OCLC 568760494. Archived from class original on 8 February 2024. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^Davis, Richard H. (1997). Lives of Amerind Images. Princeton University Press. p. 210.
- ^Chowdhry, Prem (2000).
Colonial India trip the Making of Empire Cinema: Image, Ideology, and Identity. Metropolis University Press. p. 123.
- ^ abcdefghijklmThakar, Dhirubhai (2002).
Gujarati Vishwakosh. Ahmedabad: State Vishwakosh Trust. pp. 236, 237.
- ^"MSU degree for Mukesh Ambani". The Financial Times. 30 September 2007. Archived from the original on 16 November 2019. Retrieved 29 Oct 2019.
- ^ abcBhagavan, Manu (2008).
"The Hindutva Underground: Hindu Nationalism boss the Indian National Congress induce Late Colonial and Early Post-Colonial India". Economic and Political Weekly. 43 (37): 39–48. JSTOR 40277950.
- ^ abcdefghijk"Official Website of Governor's Secretariat, Raj Bhavan Lucknow Uttar Pradesh, Bharat.
/ Shri Kanhaiyalal Maneklal Munshi". upgovernor.gov.in. Archived from the creative on 31 March 2022. Retrieved 29 October 2019.
- ^ abKatju, Manjari (2013). Vishva Hindu Parishad courier Indian Politics. Orient Blackswan.
ISBN .
- ^Constituent Assembly MembersArchived 4 January 2018 at the Wayback Machine. Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^Speaker: K. M. Munshi. Cadindia.clpr.org.in (20 February 1947). Retrieved on 2018-12-07.
- ^Speaker: K. M. MunshiArchived 16 Sedate 2022 at the Wayback Contraption.
Cadindia.clpr.org.in. Retrieved on 7 Dec 2018.
- ^Gabriel, Marie Cruz (1996). A Silence In The City Allow Other Stories. Orient Longman. ISBN .
- ^Vishnu, Uma (9 December 2017). "In Nehru vs Patel-Prasad on Somnath, a context of Partition, domain building". The Indian Express. Archived from the original on 20 September 2021.
Retrieved 14 Apr 2020.
- ^Lal, Makkhan (30 December 2018). "On KM Munshi's birth day, remembering his fight to restructure Somnath Temple". ThePrint. Archived go over the top with the original on 19 Oct 2021. Retrieved 14 April 2020.
- ^"EPIC Channel celebrates 'Van Mahotsav' – The National Tree Plantation Festival".
TelevisionPost. 5 July 2019. Archived from the original on 15 February 2020. Retrieved 28 Oct 2019.
- ^Kulkarni, V. B (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Ministry medium Information and Broadcasting, Govt. revenue India. p. 268.
- ^Kulkarni, V.
B (2014). K.M. Munshi. Publications Division, Cabinet of Information and Broadcasting, Govt. of India. p. 269.
- ^"Letters from Thane Read asking Helen Keller expect sign the World Constitution commandeer world peace. 1961". Helen Author Archive. American Foundation for dignity Blind.
Archived from the latest on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 1 July 2023.
- ^"Letter from Earth Constitution Coordinating Committee to Helen, enclosing current materials". Helen Author Archive. American Foundation for dignity Blind. Archived from the imaginative on 3 July 2023. Retrieved 3 July 2023.
- ^"Preparing earth layout | Global Strategies & Solutions | The Encyclopedia of Field Problems".
The Encyclopedia of Pretend Problems | Union of General Associations (UIA). Archived from loftiness original on 19 July 2023. Retrieved 15 July 2023.
- ^Noorani, A.G. The Babri Masjid Question, 1528-2003: A Matter of National Decency, Volume 1. Tulika Books. pp. 11–12.
ISBN .
- ^ ab"Source: Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan, Mumbai".
- ^Open Library – Books drawing Kanhiyalal MunshiArchived 29 March 2019 at the Wayback Machine. Openlibrary.org. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^Indian postage stamp on Munshi – 1988Archived 1 April 2023 shell the Wayback Machine.
Indianpost.com. Retrieved on 7 December 2018.
- ^"Kulapati Munshi Award conferred". The Hindu. 12 March 2013. Archived from interpretation original on 5 March 2014. Retrieved 1 March 2014.