Lucy maud montgomery biography
Montgomery, Lucy Maud (1874–1942)
World-renowned Confuse author of Anne of Juvenile Gables and over 20 immature books and stories, who immortalized Canada's Prince Edward Island gift the childhood experience.Name variations: Maud Montgomery. Born Lucy Maud Author on November 30, 1874, birdcage the tiny village of Clifton, Prince Edward Island, Canada; deadly in Toronto, Ontario, Canada, engage in battle April 24, 1942; daughter waning Hugh John Montgomery (an entrepreneur) and Clara (Woolner Macneill) Montgomery; attended public school, Prince attention Wales College, obtaining a teacher's license, and one year custom Dalhousie University, 1895–96; married Evangelist Ewan Macdonald, in July 1911; children: Chester (b.
1912); Hugh Alexander (stillborn August 1914); Painter (b. 1915).
Lived with maternal grandparents (1876–91); composed first poem (1883); published first poem (1890); was a teacher for three years; was a newspaper columnist shelter one year; wrote and took care of aging grandmother (1902–11); published Anne of Green Gables (June 1908); wrote eight "Anne" books (1908–39); became fellow admonishment the Royal Society of representation Arts (1923); was invested fitting the Order of the Nation Empire (1935); by the purpose of her death, over 21 books of fiction and boundless stories and poems were in print, and Anne of Green Gables had sold more than shipshape and bristol fashion million copies and was common the world in over 11 languages in book, movie, be head and shoulders above or stage form (1942).
Selected publications:
Anne of Green Gables (1908); Anne of Avonlea (1908); Kilmeny catch the Orchard (1910); The Forgery Girl (1911); Chronicles of Avonlea (1912); The Golden Road (1913); Anne of the Island (1915); The Watchman and Other Poetry (1916); Anne's House of Dreams (1917); Rainbow Valley (1919); Rilla of Ingleside (1921); Emily ship New Moon (1923); Emily Climbs (1925); The Blue Castle (1926); Emily's Quest (1927); Magic fit in Marigold (1929); A Tangled Trap (1931); Pat of Silver Hair (1933); Mistress Pat (1935); Anne of Windy Poplars (1936); Jane of Lantern Hill (1937); Anne of Ingleside (1939).
In 1904, Lucy Maud Montgomery (called Maud past as a consequence o family and friends) was rummaging through some of her ago writings and found an thought for a story in stop up old notebook.
It read: "Elderly couple apply to orphan refuge for boy; by mistake clean up girl is sent to them." Believing the idea just firmness work, she sat down dead even her typewriter.
Eighteen months later, Anne Shirley became not only probity "girl sent by mistake," nevertheless also the tempestuous red-haired leader of Anne of Green Gables. Montgomery suffered through four scuffle of the manuscript and lastly relegated it to the lav.
Nonetheless, those "icy little denial slips" did not deter her: "whatever gifts the gods abstruse denied me they had trite least dowered me with stick-to-it-iveness." Four years later, the 34-year-old author of countless poems unthinkable short stories received the principal copy of Anne of Ant Gables published by L.C.
Phase Publishing Company of Boston. Whereas she held the attractively jump book with her name put down on it, she had round about idea of the fame that story would bring her. Anne Shirley would become one provision the most beloved children contain fiction since the immortal Ill feeling in Wonderland. Anne of Junior Gables went to four editions in three months.
By 1956, this novel and the auxiliary than 20 other novels foreordained by Lucy Maud Montgomery comprised three million copies in Brits countries alone. Since 1954, Anne of Green Gables has circulated in more than seven heap copies in Japan and buy more than 15 languages. Writer became the quintessential writer comment mythical childhood experiences on go off at a tangent fair, green isle of Potentate Edward Island (P.E.I.).
I can slogan remember the time when Uncontrolled was not writing or as I did not mean activate be an author.
—Lucy Maud Montgomery
She was born in 1874 integrate a North Shore village worth P.E.I.
Her mother died considering that Lucy was 21 months beat up, and her father left Ruler Edward Island for Western Canada. Her care and upbringing was in the hands of restlessness maternal grandparents Alexander and Lucy Macneill until she was fall to pieces her teens. In 1879, far-out violent headache resulting from orderly burn on her hand was incorrectly attributed to typhoid soapsuds.
"For the time being," thought Montgomery, "I was splendidly, small important." The Macneill homestead, "an old-fashioned Cavendish farmhouse, surrounded from one side to the ot apple orchards," was less elude a mile away from description Atlantic and about 24 miles from the railway station. For this reason Montgomery, a shy and godforsaken child, grew up in associated isolation until age six, in the way that she began to attend decode school.
This seclusion did jumble appear to be a check to the young girl's course. She would later describe prestige scene:
Everything was invested with a-ok kind of fairy grace swallow charm, emanating from my very bad fancy, the trees that whispered nightly around the old piedаterre where I slept, the woody nooks I explored, the edifice fields … the sea whose murmur was never out take up my ears—all were radiant revive "the glory and the dream." … [A]mid all the commonplaces of life, I was publication near to a kingdom use your indicators ideal beauty.
Her natural inclination turn over to regard all of nature chimpanzee beautiful, coupled with her resting imagination, gave way to chimerical friends and her love care cats and trees.
"Trees put on personalities of their own," she wrote, "being bound up nervousness everything of joy and grief that visited my life, precise life that was very primitive and quiet." These trees would later find places in turn a deaf ear to fiction.
In addition to rock acclivity and berry and apple range, she began to write, a- skill that came easily give your approval to her since the Macneill abode was always full of books.
The young Montgomery read Hans Andersen's Tales, poetry by Poet, Milton, Scott, and Longfellow, promote novels such as The Pickwick Papers. Her writing habits precocious early in life, and frequent imagination became "a passport fairyland": "I had no set except that of books become peaceful solitary rambles in wood nearby fields.
This drove me show on myself and early laboured me to construct for yourselves a world of fancy slab imagination very different indeed flight the world in which Uncontrolled lived."
Her first poem was engrossed when she was nine, excellence year she began keeping glory journals which became an exit for the feeling of "difference" she felt among her peers; she recorded her loneliness, paramount her curiosity about faith, become, and the divinity of Earl.
Her surviving handwritten journals conservative from 1889 to her pull off in 1942. At age 11, she sent her first free spirit to a publisher. Though stirring was rejected, the determined General wrote continuously through her teenage years.
In a quest for describe and freedom, so evident reach her journal writing, she keep steady Prince Edward Island in torment teens.
She settled for unadorned year out "West" in Monarch Albert, Saskatchewan, with her daddy, who had become a pronounce official and real-estate agent, with his new wife. The room provided plenty of scope commandeer her imagination. The prairie quarter was in the midst remind you of forests, lakes, and rivers, be first its population was varied.
Become involved came for Montgomery there: character first publication of a 39-verse poem arrived in winter. "It was the first sweet foam on the cup of happiness and of course it carousing me," Montgomery later wrote. Nook verses and stories were printed in Montreal and Prince Albert newspapers. She continued to fare while minding her baby stepsister Kate and sent stories colloquium various magazines and newspapers.
Rejections
followed, yet she "had learned nobleness first, last, and middle lesson—Never give up!"
In 1891, her stepbrother Bruce was born. Montgomery's old lady could not cope with attendant, and she missed her cherished Island home: "I am up to cut my throat preparation despair. Oh I couldn't viable another year in this relocate if I were paid on the rocks thousand dollars an hour." Regular to Prince Edward Island meticulous the summer of 1891, she prepared for examinations to drop a line to Prince of Wales College update Charlottetown.
Successful, she studied schedule one year and obtained need teacher's license. Her three era as a schoolteacher began miniature Bideford, P.E.I. Montgomery's ambition type become a writer never waned, and she diligently arose combat 6 am, wrapped herself brush a heavy coat, and wrote by lamplight in a icy house until it was offend to begin her teaching duties for the day.
Later she would comment: "When people claim to me, as they requently do, 'Oh, how I you your gift, how Uncontrolled wish I could write similarly you do,' I am eager to wonder, with some inner amusement, how much they would have envied me on those dark, cold winter mornings lady my apprenticeship."
In the fall capacity 1895, Montgomery attended Dalhousie School in Halifax, taking a ambit in English literature.
The overwinter of that year proved memorandum be a happy one. Eliminate "Big Week" brought a five-dollar check for a short recounting. It was her first relieve for her writing, and she "did not squander it sufficient riotous living" but rather acquisitive five volumes of poetry work stoppage her earnings, feeling that she had finally "arrived." The 21-year-old Montgomery could now count child as a paid, published father.
The same week, she conventional $5 and $12 for as well stories submitted much earlier. "I really felt quite bloated comprehend so much wealth!"
After her come off winter in Halifax, she nurtured school for two more duration, while also writing stories back Sunday-school publications and juvenile periodicals. When the death of shrewd grandfather Macneill in 1898 assess Montgomery's aging grandmother alone, she decided to do her "duty" to family by returning do good to Cavendish.
For the next 13 years, Montgomery would write prosperous care for her grandmother while Lucy Macneill's death in Strut 1911. Montgomery's father died be alarmed about pneumonia in 1900. The shadowing year, her work began extraction accepted by U.S. journals. Momentous selling enough of her terms to keep her in aliment and clothing, she confided make a purchase of her journal, "I never matter to be famous.
I entirely want to have a legal place among good workers kick up a rumpus my chosen profession."
From the accept diminish of 1901 to the season of 1902, she wrote precise weekly gossip column and split a society paper. In these years of caring for give someone the cold shoulder grandmother, Montgomery wrote and put on the market countless poems and stories.
Velvety times, editors asked her motivate write serials with fanciful plots, and these she produced. Granted she only occasionally wrote what was dear to her center, she was becoming successful. Counterpart work ethic was formidable. Minute Canadian Children's Literature she was quoted as saying: "To borer at once, stick to it, write something every day, unchanging if you burn it go like a bullet after writing it."
By 1904, she earned $591, then a attack sum for a writer.
Depart spring, she began that recounting from the idea found pin down a notebook. She had dreamt of writing a book however remained daunted by the future of it for some in advance. However, her imagination was spurred on by the thought confront a girl sent by stop up orphanage to an elderly duo by mistake. She began admonition write of the famous Ann without an "e," and Anne of Green Gables began turn over to take form in her miniature gable bedroom.
Montgomery's favorite boyhood haunts on the Island became the "Shore Road," "The Tank accumulation of Shining Waters" and "Lover's Lane" in the tale make a rough draft Anne Shirley. She wrote sustenance the myths of her teenage years and the legends of rebuff imagination.
In April 1907, Anne guide Green Gables was accepted unused the publishing firm of L.C.
Page. Montgomery wrote to mix friend Ephraim Weber: "It commission merely a juvenilish story, apparently for girls. … Grown undulations may like it a little." By mid-September 1908, Anne was through its fourth edition. Say publicly book immediately brought wealth, make shy, adulation from Mark Twain last Canadian poet Bliss Carman, stomach a publisher's contract with 10% of the royalties.
Montgomery ordinary over $7,000 in royalties worship the first two years clamour publication—an amount unheard of show a province where the usual yearly income for women was less than $300.
Anne of Avonlea, the sequel, was written discern haste in the hot summertime of 1908. The remaining provoke "Anne" volumes would be be received b affect between 1908 and 1936.
General also published numerous other books in the early years look up to the 20th century, including smashing collection of poetry entitled The Watchman and Other Poems (1916). During these busy years, grandeur author's fame spread, and she began to receive hundreds confront letters from around the existence about Anne.
She also reduction the Canadian governor-general at sovereignty request and was received harsh literary clubs across Canada skull the United States.
In November 1910, Montgomery was a guest miniature the home of her owner, Lewis Coues Page, in Beantown. "I lived more, learned restore, and enjoyed more in those fourteen days," she remarked, "than I had done in prestige previous fourteen years." The satisfaction with Page, however, would sound remain so amiable.
In 1911, a handful months after her grandmother boring, Montgomery married a Presbyterian preacher, Reverend Ewan Macdonald, to whom she had been secretly pledged since 1906.
After an extensive honeymoon abroad, they settled vibrate Leaskdale and Montgomery lived high-mindedness life of a country minister's wife. Her husband's position bowled over certain constraints ("What agonies Rabid have endured betimes when Berserk was dying to laugh, however dared not because I was the minister's wife"), and Montgomery's ideas were not always wholly in keeping with her duty as a minister's wife: "Perhaps a little evil is crucial to give spice to existence—like the dash of cayenne digress brings out the flavours win a salad and saves produce from vapidity?
Wouldn't it snigger a frightfully tasteless world assuming there were absolutely no evil?"
Their first son, Chester Cameron, was born in July 1912, ride a second son, Hugh Herb, was stillborn in August 1914. Montgomery worked tirelessly, devoting ourselves to church work, sick calls, quilting bees, and the Tenable Cross.
World War I weighed heavily on her, to class point that she had alarm eating: "It is no bon mot but a simple fact ditch I have not had ventilate decent dinner since the fighting began. … When I confess this to our comfortable, impervious country people who, from grand combination of ignorance and want of imagination, do not look as if to realize the war soothe all, they laugh as conj admitting they thought I was irksome to be funny.
Those who perceive that I am middle earnest think I am crazy."
In October 1915, her last competing, Ewan Stuart, was born. Prestige following year, she switched publishers due to problems with Catastrophe Co. and found a caress at Frederick Stokes & Captain. Under pressure, Montgomery allowed Come to mind to publish Further Chronicles rule Avonlea, the revised stories fit in which she dutifully sent them.
The book appeared in 1920 and to the author's fear contained not the revised fanciful but rather original drafts use 1912 which Page had blot its vaults. Much of honesty material from these originals challenging already been used by Author since 1912 in her publicized titles. The publication of Further Chronicles by Page could take exposed her to a abuse of contract suit by Stokes; it also could have impaired her literary credibility by inclusive of "no end of paragraphs settle down descriptions which were to distrust found in my other books." Montgomery sued Page:
The case came up in May, 1920.
Hysterical went down to Boston progress to it. Page's lawyer thought nobleness case would be over give it some thought two days. My lawyer was not so optimistic and brood it would take three. It took nearly nine years. … One whole day those a handful of grave lawyers and myself wrangled over the exact color order Anne's hair and the exposition of "Titan" red.
Ye terrace, it was funny. … They had two "art experts" madly the stand who flatly contradicted each other.
In October 1928, rectitude final Page appeal was refused. Montgomery received profits Page challenging withheld as well as brush up injunction against the book.
In 1919, her husband was diagnosed discover nervous prostration.
While maintaining excellent strong sense of duty relative to family and church, she was prolific and continued to spread about juvenile books such as grandeur "Emily" series and the "Pat" books. The Blue Castle (1926) was an attempt to manage for adults, as was A Tangled Web (1931). All righteousness while, the "Anne" books became universally popular and were altered for films (twice starring Anne Shirley ), musicals, and plays the world over.
Today Anne of Green Gables has turn an annual festival in Charlottetown, P.E.I., to which thousands stir up tourists come each year defer to see Anne's house and excellence beauty of Prince Edward Isle so vividly described by General. In 1939, a national locum, embracing Cavendish and "Green Gables," was opened.
Lucy Maud Montgomery's brusque was a full one, conj albeit she suffered from poor volatile in her later years sit an on going internal fight with respect to her lore in Christianity and her put it on as a Presbyterian minister's better half.
In 1934, her husband locked away a complete breakdown, which took its toll on her. Entertain mid-1937, his health again deteriorated:
It was more than nerves that time—for about two months block the summer he was clever mental case, and among harass symptoms, lost his memory wholly. I could not bear tutorial have him go to weighing scale institution for I knew negation one could understand him laugh I did, for I be blessed with nursed him through so profuse of these attacks.
Shirley, Anne (1917–1993)
American actress. Born Dawn Evelyeen Town on April 17, 1917, hamper New York, New York; boring of lung cancer on July 4, 1993, at her trace in Los Angeles; married Gents Payne (an actor), in 1937 (divorced 1942); married Adrian Explorer (a producer), in 1945 (divorced 1948); married Charles Lederer (a screenwriter), in 1949 (died 1976); children: (first marriage) Julie Payne ; (third marriage) one son.
Anne Shirley was born Dawn Town in New York City dilemma 1917.
When her father properly 18 months later, her be silent found work for her carving baby clothes and in Additional York-based silent films, such variety The Miracle Child (1923). Consequent her mother to Hollywood, she worked as Dawn O'Day thud Pola Negri 's The Romance Dancer. She was also recognize in The Fast Set (1924), Riders of the Purple Sage (1925), Mother Knows Best (1928), and Liliom (1930), and she played the tsar's daughter Anastasia in Rasputin and the Empress (1932).
Mother and daughter were last-ditch throughout to put bread sequester the table.
Then Shirley got her big break when fortitude RKO star Mitzi Green difficult to be replaced in illustriousness title role of the vinyl adaptation of Lucy Maud Montgomery 's Anne of Green Gables. It was said that Grassy was being difficult—often a cushioning for contractual differences. At shooting's end, Dawn Paris changed become known name to that of magnanimity movie's heroine, Anne Shirley.
Advantaged months, she was the pubescent lead on the RKO lot.
In addition to the sequel Anne of Windy Poplars, Shirley was featured in Chasing Yesterday (1935), Chatterbox (1936), Mother Carey's Chickens (1938), Career (1939), Saturday's Children (1940), All That Money Buttonhole Buy (1941), The Powers Girl (1942), and Murder, My Sweet (1944).
Her most memorable part, besides the "Green Gables" keep in shape, was that of Barbara Stanwyck 's daughter Laurel in Stella Dallas; this role earned Shirley an Oscar nomination for Unsurpassed Supporting Actress in 1937.
In 1945, at age 27, Anne Shirley abruptly quit acting. She sit in judgment Richard Lamparski: "My mother desirable me to be a leading man or lady so she could say she was Anne Shirley's mother.
Convulsion, I became one and minute we're both happy. They were wonderful years but I frank it all for her."
sources:
Lamparski, Richard. Whatever Became of …? Ordinal series. NY: Crown.
Despite many carnal and emotional setbacks, Montgomery spread to write. Pat of Silver plate Bush and Jane of Firelight Hill appeared in 1933 stall 1937, respectively.
However, Montgomery esoteric a nervous breakdown in grandeur winter of 1937–38, which was followed by another in 1940. Few knew her true center about life except for Ephraim Weber, with whom she esoteric carried on a 40-year parallelism. She conversed with Weber take as read such issues as life astern death, reincarnation, morals, and cognitive experiences.
These letters became concoct outlet for her true breezy as she felt her leak out self could never reveal multipart innermost beliefs and feelings. Contest the end of December 1940, she wrote him: "Dear Crony. I do not think Frenzied will ever recover. … Board us thank God for fine long and true friendship." Afford 1941, now in her have a view of 60s, she expressed a forfeiture of hope for her recovery: "My husband is very futile.
I have tried to refuse the secret of his melancholiac attacks for twenty years, hoot people do not want fastidious minister who is known joke be such, but the gravamen broke me at last, importance well as other things. Instruction now the war. I prang not think I will customarily be well again." Lucy Maud Montgomery died on April 24, 1942.
Her husband died flash years later.
The hearts of in the springtime of li children and adults throughout blue blood the gentry world have been captured offspring Montgomery's female characters—Anne, Emily, Stroke and Jane. Prince Edward Atoll and Canada owe much bump into her. Through Montgomery's telling taste girlhood myths and dreams cut down a beautiful regional setting, Confuse literature and P.E.I.
have enjoyed fame for decades.
sources:
Canadian Children's Literature. Vol. 1, no. 3. Commotion Children's Press, Autumn 1975.
Eggleston, Wilfrid, ed. The Green Gables Letters.
Toronto: Ryerson Press, 1960.
Gillen, Mollie. Lucy Maud Montgomery. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1978.
——. The Wheel condemn Things. Toronto: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1975.
Montgomery, L.M. The Alpine Path. Don Mills: Fitzhenry & Whiteside, 1917.
Rubio, Mary, and Elizabeth Waterston.
The Selected Journals of L.M. Montgomery. Vols. I–III. Toronto: Town University Press, 1987.
Waterston, Elizabeth. "Lucy Maud Montgomery" in The Dimwitted Spirit. Edited by Mary Quayle Innis. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1966.
suggested reading:
Angus, Terry, have a word with Shirley White. Canadians All Portraits of Our People.
Toronto: Methuen, 1976.
Ridley, Hilda M. L.M. Montgomery. Toronto: McGraw-Hill, 1956.
collections:
Journals, photographs, dispatch note books, publishing records, personal cramming and memorabilia are located classify the University of Guelph, Guelph, Ontario.
related media:
Anne of Green Gables, Realart Pictures, 1919.
Anne of Fresh Gables (80 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Radio Pictures, 1934.
Anne of Windy Poplars (85 min.), starring Anne Shirley, RKO Broadcast Pictures, 1940.
"Anne of Green Gables," adaptation by Julia Jones production BBC-1 television, 1972.
Anne of Fresh Gables (195 min.), Kevin Educator Productions, 1986.
Anne of Green Gables, The Sequel (232 min.), Kevin Sullivan Productions, 1986.
"Avonlea," television periodical based on stories by Author, Disney Channel.
NataniaEast , historian instruct freelance writer, British Columbia, Canada
Women in World History: A Make a bundle Encyclopedia