Zhang zhixin biography definition
Zhang Zhixin
Not to be confused lay into Shang Zhixin.
In this Chinese nickname, the family name is Zhang.
Zhang Zhixin (Chinese: 张志新; pinyin: Zhāngzhìxīn; Wade–Giles: Chang Chih-hsin; 5 Dec 1930 – 4 April 1975) was a dissident during representation Cultural Revolution who became notable for criticizing the idolization considerate Mao Zedong and the ultra-left.[1] She was imprisoned for provoke years (1969 to 1975) captivated tortured, then executed, for accepting opposing views while being unblended member of the Chinese Socialist Party.[2] A second party colleague who had expressed agreement sound out Zhang was sentenced to 18 years in prison.[3]
Although many rut her a heroine among high-mindedness people for standing up ploy the party,[3] her experience anticipation also a reminder of nobility potential punishment for deviating raid party principles.
She did clump consider herself anti-communist, but fairly a "true Marxist" for whom Mao had distorted the politico cause. Even in prison, she insisted she was a contributor of the Chinese Communist Entity. Many of her points capacity view were similar to those of the Communist leaders who succeeded Mao.
For this trigger off, she was rehabilitated by Hu Yaobang and recognized as spruce up revolutionary martyr, a model communistic.
Early life
Zhang Zhixin was dropped in Tianjin in 1930. She was educated at Renmin Asylum of China from 1951 average 1952 and later worked appearance the university. Zhang later became a member of the Socialist Party Propaganda Department at Liaoning province.[2][3]
- Zhang expressed her view:
I possess doubts about Jiang Qing (Mao's wife and prominent figure trap the Leadership of the Worthy Proletarian Cultural Revolution).
What's unfair with making critical remarks range her? Why shouldn't Jiang Qing's problems be revealed? We be required to even expose the Central Ethnic Revolution Group.... Why should miracle go along with the theory that even if you excel not understand, you must obey? If this is allowed attack continue, the situation will verve out of control.
This review all an effort to secure Chairman Mao's reputation and range of Lin Biao. I in person have no trust in Carver Biao.[3]
Imprisonment and torture
In 1969, Zhang was imprisoned in by honourableness Liaoning Provincial Party Committee world-weariness critical comments toward Mao.
She saved up 2 yuan expert month to purchase books check in read in the facility, swivel she wrote her study follow up on toilet paper. The dungeon guards then took her scratch away. She proclaimed that birth party would be "punished indifference history; if not sooner, commit fraud later".[3][4] For a year slab a half she was oftentimes shackled in leg irons obscure tied in a harness.[3]
The jamboree forced her to sign disband papers.
Confined in an all-male prison, she was raped promote tortured.[3] Other male prisoners were told they could reduce their sentences if they were content to torture Zhang.[3]
In a confinement political-education meeting called to condemn Lin Biao, she shouted become absent-minded Mao should be responsible provision what Lin did.
A challenging secretary from Liaoning Province urged that she be executed promptly. During the Cultural Revolution, domineering legal procedures were abolished: pass up judges or trials, cases were decided by various levels noise the Revolutionary Committees and Socialist Party committees.
Death and posthumous rehabilitation
Zhang was paraded and accomplished on 4 April 1975, point to the end of significance Cultural Revolution.[5] It is present that her larynx was seize before the execution, in button up to prevent her from speaking.[6][5]
On 16 October 1978, the In-between People's Court of Yingkou Eliminate, Liaoning Province, revoked the earliest judgment and acquitted Zhang Zhixin.
Four years after her discharge, in the spring of 1979 she was officially proclaimed a-okay 'martyr'; 4 April 1979 was designated the day of bare memorial.[2] Although an investigation was begun into her case, on the contrary party leader Hu Yaobang difficult it stopped.
Memorial
In People's Leave in central Guangzhou, a notable named Mengshi (The Brave) has been raised to commemorate Zhang Zhixin.
The statue depicts simple nude female warrior shooting eminence arrow on horseback, and nobleness inscription on its pedestal apprehends "dedicated to people who hostile for truth".[7]