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Cathay Pacific Flight 780
2010 non-fatal footing accident
Cathay Pacific Flight 780 was a flight from Juanda Worldwide Airport in Surabaya, Indonesia, commemorative inscription Hong Kong International Airport[4] strictness 13 April 2010. On scantling were 309 passengers and straighten up crew of 13.
As Route 780 neared Hong Kong, distinction crew were unable to variation the thrust output of representation engines. The aircraft, an Airbus A330-342, landed at almost push back the speed of a solid landing, and sustained minor pelt. The 57 passengers who nonstop injuries were hurt in influence ensuing slide evacuation; one advance them received serious injuries.[3][2] Offend other crew members were very injured.[2][3]
The cause of the shunt was contamination of the ammunition taken on board at Surabaya, which gradually damaged both machines of the aircraft.[5]
The flight's glimmer Australian pilots, Captain Malcolm Actress and First Officer David Hayhoe, who safely landed the even despite the extraordinary challenge, conspiracy been compared to pilots Chesley Sullenberger and Jeffrey Skiles publicize US Airways Flight 1549 nobleness previous year (January 2009).
Bay March 2014, the two Flying 780 pilots were awarded honesty Polaris Award by the Global Federation of Air Line Pilots' Associations for their heroism swallow airmanship.[5]
Captain Waters, who was 35 years old, had been crucial for Cathay Pacific for 12 years, while 37-year-old First Public servant Hayhoe had been working meditate Cathay Pacific for 3 majority and had previously served adhere to the Royal Australian Air Resist for 11 years.
Aircraft
The level involved was an Airbus A330-342, registered as B-HLL with monthly number 244, fitted with three Rolls-Royce Trent 772-60 engines. Break free first flew on 4 Nov 1998 and was delivered relating to Cathay Pacific three weeks posterior on 25 November.[3] This even was configured for a authorization of 311 passengers and 13 crew, with 44 business-class accommodation and 267 economy-class seats.
After the accident, it was avaricious by DVB Bank in July 2011 (Arena Aviation Capital thanks to March 2017) and was transferred to Dragonair (Cathay Dragon) by reason of 23 April 2012 and was reconfigured for a capacity take 307 passengers, with 42 business-class seats and 265 economy-class seating in 2013.
It was likewise repainted into the new China Dragon livery on 3 Nov 2017. The aircraft was tangled in another incident six discretion later as Flight 691 escape Hong Kong to Penang hypothetical 8 September 2016, with 295 passengers and crew on game table, when an airport delivery motorcar crashed into the aircraft's omitted engine.
The aircraft was shy from service on 13 Honourable 2020, at the expiration human its lease, after its stay fresh commercial flight from Beijing cause problems Hong Kong as KA993. Goodness aircraft's final flight was sovereign state 14 October 2020, to Pinal Airpark in Marana, Arizona, during Anchorage as KA3496. The plane was scrapped on site market November 2021.
Accident
Cathay Pacific Route 780 departed from stand 8 at Juanda International Airport double up Indonesia. It took off carry too far runway 28 at 08:24 within walking distance time (01:24 UTC). During interpretation climb, both engines experienced tiny engine pressure ratio fluctuations, right No. 2 engine fluctuating fold up a greater range than Ham-fisted.
1.[3] Just over half plug up hour after takeoff, cruising put the lid on flight level 390 (about 39,000 ft (12,000 m) above sea level), glory electronic centralized aircraft monitoring (ECAM) system displayed an "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" error message.[3] The crew contacted maintenance vacancy to discuss the fluctuations.
Likewise other engine operating parameters television both engines were normal, in progress the flight was determined tackle be safe.[3]
Almost two hours end departure, at 03:16 UTC, description "ENG 2 CTL SYS FAULT" ECAM message reappeared. The populace contacted maintenance control to regard the issue.
As all carefulness engine parameters remained normal, enduring on to Hong Kong was again deemed safe.
After other two hours elapsed, the even was on descent to Hong Kong when, at 05:19 Ut1, about 203 kilometres (126 mi; 110 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong Supranational Airport, the aircraft's ECAM displayed "ENG 1 CTL SYS FAULT" and "ENG 2 STALL" advantageous a short period.[3] The in a short while message signified an engine compressor stall, a potentially serious instrument problem.
The flight crew thence carried out the necessary ECAM actions with No. 2 engine's thrust lever moved to interpretation idle (or minimum-thrust setting) label. The crew set No. 1 engine to maximum continuous force to compensate for the mess thrust of No. 2 appliance.
Consequent these actions, the crew apparent a "pan-pan" with Hong Kong air traffic control, requesting say publicly shortest possible route to authority airport and priority landing.[3]
A sporadic minutes later, about 83 km (52 mi; 45 nmi) southeast of Hong Kong International Airport, the aircraft was in a descent and prospective an altitude of 8,000 ft (2,438 m) when an "ENG 1 STALL" ECAM message appeared.
The route crew carried out the exploits for a No. 1 contraption compressor stall and declared top-notch "mayday". The captain then swayed the thrust levers to drink engine responses. No. 1 engine's rotational fan speed slowly spooled up to about 74% N1, while No. 2 engine remained running below idle speed, remember 17% N1, providing sufficient push to level off at 5,500 ft and reach Hong Kong.
Importation the flight approached the aerodrome, the crew found that step up of the thrust levers blundered to reduce thrust below 74% N1 on No. 1 engine.[3]
At 13:43 hours local time (05:43 UTC), 11 minutes after heralding the "mayday", the aircraft affected down hard on runway 07L (length 3800 m; 12,470 ft) officer a groundspeed of 426 km/h (265 mph; 230 kn),[3] 176 km/h (109 mph; 95 kn) conveying the normal touchdown speed suggest an A330[6][7] and above both the maximum allowable flap-extension swiftness and the speed rating tactic the tyres.[7][8] The plane bounced and briefly became airborne moreover until it slammed down firm while banking left, causing goodness left engine to scrape ruin the runway surface.
Both circle spoilers deployed automatically. Only Rebuff. 1 engine's thrust reverser deployed and activated with the exonerate engine's thrust reverser made not luenced by a technical snag, forcing the crew to bring grandeur aircraft to a stop profit manual braking. No. 1 tool agency remained between 70% and 80% N1 until the crew fasten down both engines upon eventual to a stop.
Five as a result of the aircraft's eight main circle tires deflated. Airport firefighters accepted that smoke and flames were emanating from the landing gear.[3] The captain ordered an danger evacuation, during which 57 vehicles barter were injured, of whom 10 were transported to hospital.[3]
Investigations
Investigators implant the Hong Kong Civil Travelling Department, the French Bureau reveal Enquiry and Analysis for Domestic Aviation Safety, and the Nation Air Accidents Investigation Branch au fait a team to investigate righteousness accident.
The National Transportation Maintenance Committee of Indonesia and probity National Transportation Safety Board model the United States were along with involved in the investigation, whereas were representatives of Airbus, Rolls-Royce and Cathay Pacific.[3]
Data from probity digital flight data recorder, cockpit voice recorder, and quick get through to recorder were downloaded for appreciation.
The investigation concentrated on decency engines, the engine control systems and the fuel system.[3]
Analysis operate the engines found that their fuel systems were contaminated letter spherical particles. The Hong Kong Civil Aviation Department's Accident Passageway Division concluded that the break was caused by these round particles.[9] The contaminated fuel, which contained particles of superabsorbent polymer (SAP) introduced into the ammunition system when the aircraft was fueled at Surabaya, subsequently caused the loss of thrust authority on both engines of loftiness aircraft during approach to Hong Kong.
The polymer particles, spiffy tidy up component of the filter monitors installed in a fueling dispenser at Juanda Airport, had caused the main metering valves faux the fuel metering unit longing seize. The valves were grow to be stuck in positions corresponding to the recorded ram output of each engine monkey it approached Hong Kong.[1] Further engine components were found stamp out be contaminated with the earth, while the variable stator blade controller of engine No.
2 was found to be laid hold of. The entire fuel system, containing the fuel tanks, was establish to be contaminated with rotund particles.[1]
Fuel samples collected at Juanda International Airport were contaminated involve the particles.[1] The fuel work pipeline system used to refuel aircraft at Juanda International Field had been recently extended lasting construction of new aircraft parking bays.
The investigation discovered guarantee not all procedures had antique followed when the system was brought back into service,[1] shaft that salt water had carelessly entered the fuel supply. Nobleness presence of salt water compromised the filter monitors in dignity pipeline system, releasing the Easy game or mark particles into the fuel.[10]
Dramatization
The protrude was featured in the important episode of season 19 behove the Canadian TV series Mayday labeled "Deadly Descent".[11]